After reading the chapter from "Experiencing World History" about the classical age, answer the following questions:
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
4) Respond to one other person's comment
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe Classical period turned more political rather than religious. The state mostly separated from religion. For example, Egypt's leaders weren't god kings anymore,there was a formal bureaucracy. governments started to have vast bureaucracies and a range of services, rather than the loosely structured governments from before.what stayed the same from the RVC were the basic laws that were backed by a judicial system, expansion continued, etc.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Jury trials came from the Mediterranean, merit examination to be in the government came from China, etc.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
In some cases, they were better because it gave them more time to worry about work and give a set of people the job of sorting out laws and what had to be done in certain areas. It was also sort of bad because many of the people that controlled the government didn't take the other people's ideas into consideration. China had to take a test to see if you will be able to work for them, but the people in the outlying districts weren't able to be controlled as easily, making it easier to have others in control. Rome, there were senators who were usually wealthier and didn't take into consideration the women, slaves, and foreigners. There were good and bad sides to the new governments that developed in the new empires.
i agree with your idea that this age was more political, you can see it in the fact that a society like india started separating from its religious ideals and banned things like sacrifices, it shows how the government slowly changes its society from being a religious state to a political one
DeleteI agree with all of your answers, firstly it's evident that during this time period it consisted of political change, secondly, the new government ideas you mentioned were the two main ideas that evolved from the empires, and lastly all these empires had good and bad qualities. By the way, I liked your post it was to the point and informative.
DeleteMMMAAAAAKKAAAAA GGGGGGGGGGGGG. i agree cause maka g said it but also i liked your ideas because their precise and are all true. What you said about the 3rd question is sorta what i said too and i liked what u wrote, how it had a negative and positive affect and also about the governments.
DeleteHi Markella! All of your answers make perfect sense and you support all your claims with sufficient evidence. Particularly, your answer for question number three was highly informative and I you were able to convey your views quite well. Great job :)
DeleteI agree with your views Markella. This time period was focused mostly on politics and the government, rather than on religious beliefs. There was a lot of different views on their ways of governing the people, and it was more stricter about the way rulers governed the people.
DeleteBe sure that when you comment on someone else's answer that you say more things like GOOD JOB!! Be critical, tell them specifically why you agree or disagree with what they said.
DeleteAfter reading the chapter from "Experiencing World History" about the classical age, answer the following questions:
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
Major innovations in belief systems and the organization of states happened during this time. Politics of the two time periods changed as well as the culture, although both of these aspects were derived from ideas already set in place from the earlier time period. An example of this are writing system, for example Greece, modified the Phoenician alphabet to create a better version.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
By the end of the time period, the governments were vast empires with extensive bureaucracies which was much different compared to the government at the beginning of the time period which was more localized and loosely structured. Systems of justice in these governments expanded as the laws were now backed by larger groups of magistrates. Furthermore, governments began o take a wider role in certain economic and cultural activities, something that changed during that time period. In china the range of functions conducted by the government increased considerably, in India the government promoted much religious change and emphasized more local systems as well as contributed to the alliance of regional rulers more than an expanding state. The roman and reek systems were interested with the different types of political structured such as democracy, monarchy, and dictatorship as some of the structures experimented with during this time.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The roman government was in fact quite reasonable in relation to our modern society as it held a republic that held the need for widespread interest and participation in state affairs. This as well as the fact that ordinary civilians living within Roman society had their say and right to assembly shows the democratic elements pursued by the Romans, even though most people living in the society was, in fact, not a citizen. The Chinese society was again quite beneficial to its people because they created a range of functions that the government would take control of to make the lives of its citizens easier. Although this was a very basic start to our federal system now, it did take away much of the decision making among the people, but then again, strengthened the central government as a whole. The Indian state emphasized more local rulings, although this was possibly better for individual citizens, as a whole the government may not have been strong enough to withstand any large effect taken place upon them such as war. Roman society was probably the best in my sight because it allowed for a strong central government, as well as gave (most of) its people rights to speak in government.
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteDuring the Classical period, it's said to have "experienced fundamental political change". Supporting the idea that political change occurred is how governments were at first loosely structured and dominated by large landowners or priests in the period before, which eventually changed in the Classical period when government became vast empires with bureaucracy and variety. Although, the time periods did stay the same because of law codes and theories that were elaborated, military activities continuation, and rulers construction of palaces for public works.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Different forms of government were used, but the two new ideas were jury trials founded from the Mediterranean and merit examinations founded in China.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
Depending on point of view, this answer could be debatable due to the fact that there are beneficial and negative aspects for the people living under these empires. For example, one person might enjoy living in China because of it's focus on government which was complex and organized and it's establishment of elaborate system of canals geographically, but not like some other geographical features such as frequent invasions and flooding. For a person living in India, they might enjoy the infrastructure of roads, hospitals, and rest houses, and the fact that religious change was a main priority, and maybe even the fact government is more local than a government such as China, but then again they might not agree with it. As for Greece and Rome they both had in interest in different government forms such such as monarchy, government, etc. which one would find beneficial, but not like how the government is not centralized like China. Evidently, deciding on whether China, India, Rome, and Greece were good or bad for the people living under them, is decided from perspective, since all empires had good and bad qualities.
I agree with you certain aspects of each civilization were really good and were beneficial to society but there were other aspects that didn't help the common people like in Greece and Rome, the people that were elected to rule for the year were only landowning men rather than the majority of the population who were women, slaves, and foreigners. etc. Each civilization had the good and bad aspects.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations? Governments changed a lot during one time period to the other, it went from being loose and not strict to very strict with a lot of rules and regulations. War stayed the same throughout, there is always people fighting over religion, beliefs, theories, etc.
ReplyDelete2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
More specific aspects about government came into play like trial system and the different parts and sections of the government that we even use today.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
I mean for some people it wasnt good but in other cases it was. Some nations took over another and converted them all into their beliefs like Christianity, some people disagree and agree with that way. Some countries liked to be ruled by others and even converted. but some people rebelled and stuff. For the most part tho no the people who lived under the empires most likely didnt like it because they invaded their homes and city and is forcing and trying to spread their religion and beliefs with them and they dont want it, they liked what they had.
Chris I agree with you and I liked how you talked about how certain empires had to be violent to have other areas change their religious beliefs. I also liked how you used specific examples like when you talked about how violent Christians were.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe Classical Period became more focused on politics rather than religion. During this era following the River Valley Civilizations, there was a distinct separation between religion and politics. On the other hand, many aspects of River Valley Civilizations stayed the same. A specific example of this can be found in Greece where people made their own writing system from previously established Phoenician ideas.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Major changes occurred in the field of government when new empires rose. The most prominent example is perhaps the development of democracy in Greek society. This was a completely new form of government the world had never seen before and it allowed the common man to have a significantly greater role in government.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
This question can be debated in a variety of ways however when observing the three civilizations in a completely unbiased way, one may assume that as time went by living standards improved in all areas of life. Examples of this can be seen throughout the world, not only in the fields of government but also in the fields of economics and communal relationships.
I agree completely with you when you talk about the development of democracy in Greek society as being a prominent change in government. This new idea of government not only gave people a say in government, but also kept things fair (for most, if not all), especially when it came to political issues. Good job!
Delete
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
Some notable changes during the classical period from the previous period would have to be the introduction of politics as the dominant aspect of a civilization. In the Classical period, instead of relying on religion to aid in decision making, bureaucracies and actual structured governments were relied on instead. Another change that occurred was changes in state structure and belief systems. Although not everything remained the same, many of the laws and codes remained untouched, but many civilizations also built on other civilizations ideas and introduced new elements of their civilization.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Every empire seemed to have their own new ideas about government. In Classical China, political institutions and concepts were inherited from the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Some of these ideas included increasing the power of the government as well as its influence. In Classical Greece, the earlier civilizations benefitted from the previous civilizations and Egyptian patterns. New ideas from the Greeks included the idea of a jury trial.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
All the empires that were created had their pros and cons, posing as difficulty for people who couldn’t adjust to those laws, ethics, or morals. In Rome, the dependence on the citizen participation in government led to a small bureaucracy, but also gave everyone a say in political issues. In China, the government was centralized under the emperor himself. Although this resulted in less say in government matter for people, it also helped strengthen the government as a whole. Lastly, in India, since the government was held together by nothing more than “strings”, caused hardships in maintaining control when war or other problems arose. The good part about the Indian Empire was that the government was active in promoting religious change, including prevention of the religious sacrifice of animals. Since no government is essentially perfect, it is hard to pick one empire over another, especially when each empire has different strengths and weaknesses then the others.
I agree with you Ruchi, because this time period focused on government rather than relgion in affected them differently, making the emperors want to give themselves more power but still helping out the people, like how you talked about ancient china. Although there was one emperor having all the power to himself, it still helped strengthen the government. I also agree with you on how you said the government will always have ups and downs, because no matter where you are there will always be a conflict that will make a fight occur and each empire has a different way of running things and has different pros and cons to it. Good job!
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteDuring the Classical Period, there was a lot of changes that occurred. For example, the introduction of democracy in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome caused the people to get involved in the government. Things that stayed the same was war. People were always trying to convert different groups of people into their religion/into their culture.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Some new forms of government that was created by these empires was democracy by the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Romans. Democracy allowed people to participate in the government, and anyone could have joined the government, regardless of their social class. Another form of government that was introduced was the Mandate of Heaven in Ancient China. The Mandate of Heaven gave emperors the divine right to rule by heaven. If the emperor had a son and the emperor died, the son had the right to rule. Another form of government that was introduced was the jury trials founded from the Mediterranean and merit examinations founded in China.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
I feel like the empires created by these regions were good and bad for the people. People were able to contribute to the government, and they were able to contribute to the government's decision. The empires that were created for the people was also bad because the empire was always at war, and there was always the threat that the region could get invaded by another region, and the people could have been forcefully converted into the religion.
I agree with you completely Manny. You really focus on the effects of war that happened during the classical age. Its true war was a big part in this period. Their was always war, and probably always will be, everyone always wants to convert one another to their empire or culture. War is not just fought for whats right and for whats wrong but more for conquering everyone else during this time.
DeleteAfter reading the chapter from "Experiencing World History" about the classical age, answer the following questions:
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
During the Classical period there was the development of belief systems, organizations of state and the type of politics they had. They had realized that religion doesn't conquer all, and made the change in the society by having a well organized government to follow rather than their religion. The thing that kept them the same was their elaboration of laws and ideas/theories and the fact that they still had war for converting people to believe in a specific religion, conquer land and for power. One example of a civilization staying the same was how the Greeks based their writing off the Phoneticians way of writing.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
During the Classical period, the changes that occurred was that China inherited political institutions and concepts from the Shang and early Zhou dynasties. They had the idea to increase their government, also they created the idea of the Mandate of Heaven allowing the emperors the right to rule. Meaning that everyone in his line of blood may rule after he has died, such as the son. In ancient Greece and Rome they created democracy which allowed the people to have a say in the government no matter what class they were in.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
There are both the ups and downs in the empires, but when it was better it gave them order by having a specific group of people give out laws, and it gave the people time to focus on their job and the work that they had to do. The down side of this, was that they were very controlling and demanding. They had no consideration of what the people wanted or thought. Like the Romans, they didn't listen to you if you were a woman, slave or outsider, only if you were wealthy. In China, they made you take a test to see if you were worthy enough to work for/with them. In every civilization and the development of a new government there will be pros and cons, and you will be able to see what works best for the civilization.
I agree completely with your answers. For example, when you talk about the development of the belief system and how the people of this period came to their senses and realized that religion wasn't everything. I think you did a good job with answering these questions, keep at it.
DeleteNICOLE ALBINO
DeleteI agree with you answers for example you wrote how basically the development of government was more important than religion. They kinda overlooked it it wasn't as important. I also liked how in the third question you showed both sides of the question and provided examples. GOOD JOB
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
Change happened the most in culture and in political, Many fundamental thinkers such as Socrates, Buddha and Confucius created systematic philosophical or religious approaches that would long continue to influence each civilization and the people to take over after them. Governments in the beginning of the Classical age weren't very thought out, they were brand new and structured very badly. Though by the end they began to become better structured. A system of justice was created and expanded, it had new law codes, that were even more thought out by more groups of people.
Classical china had kept political institution from the Dynasties of Shang and early Zhou. There was always the desire to gain more land so that didn't change, except for the fact that their was a larger desire during the Classical period.
Monarchies and assertion of divine support for the ruler continued from the river valleys but it was a little different and had to be justified.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Iron weapons and growing agricultural prosperity gave new powers to political leaders but also new tasks, in supporting wider trade patterns. They also had many more wars in order to conquer people to gain more land for the kings, they were always eager to expand.
The formal political theory also arose new ideas of how the should be and what they should do.
The government began to take pay more attention to the economic and cultural activities.
New types of government had risen up such as a government run by council, democracy or even a dictator.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
Yes they were usually good for the people that lived under them. The governments toward the end of the period were large empires with even larger bureaucracies and a range of services. There was no real evidence of what the people thought of the government but it can be excepted that some people apposed it while others enjoyed the new ways of things. Though because they were larger the tax got increased, so that they could pay for more of the government officials that worked for the government. It also created a way for larger places to be attacked because there was no way for governments to control so much land. They also lost power over the long distance people in their government causing their to be rebellions. New diseases and groups of people attacked and weakened the people of the empires causing most to crash.
-Samantha Aversano
Sam, I agree with all of your answers and I liked how you gave examples of the fundamental thinkers. Like you said, "new types of government had risen up such as a government run by council, democracy or even a dictator," the governments of all empires began to take a more active role in the economic and cultural developments. I also agreed with you when you said, "iron weapons and growing agricultural prosperity gave new powers to political leaders but also new tasks, in supporting wider trade patterns." You gave a great example on an invention that arose. Great job!!
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe Classical period was different from the previous period; new belief systems and political ideas developed which was fundamental to their success. For instance, “classical China inherited political institutions and concepts from the Shang and early Zhou dynasties.” Instead of loosely structured governments, the new and improved ones started to have vast bureaucracies, systems of justice and more that helped shaped the days of the first River Valley Civilizations.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
New ideas about government were created by the empires that arose. For example, different forms of government were used and compared to the government at the beginning; this one has a complex structure and was federal. Governments began to take a more active role in the economic and cultural developments. For example, in the Chinese government, “maintenance of great public works, administration of justice, and military defense was staples.”
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
In my opinion, the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were good for the people that lived under them because it held the need for extensive involvement in state affairs. Of course this statement is debatable depending on how you chose to view this because there are many positive and negative aspects of the empires. The Roman government was fairly rational in relation to our contemporary society because it held democratic widespread in state affairs. The Chinese social order was also advantageous to its people because they created a type of government that takes control to simplify the life of their citizens easier. Though it strengthened their central government, it took away the rights among the people. The Indian empire was more local so they developed infrastructure of roads, hospitals, and rest houses. Altogether, the empires that were created improved the living standards of its people.
Alice, I agree with the answers you have provided in each question. I really liked how you stated your opinion very clearly in the last question and I agree with you when you said that "this statement is debatable depending on how you chose to view". The statement that you stated seemed to be very true because everyone has their own point of view. Great Job (:
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteA few changes that occurred during the Classical period were: the start of developing a belief system, states becoming organized and the politics in their society. It had come to a point where the people of the classical period realized that religion wasn't something everyone could agree on, which caused them to create an organized government. Regardless of their change, the classical period was still the same in terms of laws and theories.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
The Ancient Greeks had a new idea about government, which was a democracy. A democracy was a government that had the people very involved and didn't discriminate based on gender, social class, ethnicity. In Ancient China, the mandate of heaven was introduced. This government allowed emperors to rule, which they themselves believed was through heaven. Ruling was passed down from father to son.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were In some cases good and bad for the people living under them. In some ways they were good because it opened up many jobs for the civilians. Even though that was good, It lacked participation from the people. In the case of Rome, senators didn't include the minority, which was women, slaves and foreigners. While China seemed to have a better grip on things due to having control easily distributed.
I agree with what you were saying about Romans. I feel that we can't exactly call them good to their people if they did not include all of their people. I see China as the better empire due to the fact that it was more well-structured than that of Rome.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThroughout the classical period you can see the transition from unorganized people with many religious beliefs form into well- structured and governed societies with more central focus being on the government. People were becoming more aware of politics. "awareness of the state increased, with many people, although particularly at the elite level, becoming more attached to participation in political life." During the classical period there were more official things to focus on. The period previous to that of the classical one was formed of priests and landowners who ran the government. The government at that time was " localized and loosely structured" which was the opposite of the classical period.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
In Greece and Rome the government was experimented on in the sense that they tried it all. "Monarchy, dictatorship, aristocratic councils, and democratic rule were widely discussed and defined by political theorists and actually implemented at various points during the classical period." These empires had many ideas that they tried over time during this period. The people of Athens had formed a democracy and included citizens in judging criminal activity which was the first time that act was ever performed. In China they created a centralized form of government, they relied on the professionals decisions. They were also very innovative such as building the Great Wall and they were focused on standardized written language.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The Indian empires were good for the people because instead of relying more on politics they looked to cultural changes and developments. They promoted religious change that didn't harm animals in the form of sacrifice. They made small changes but small good ones. The Romans could be vicious and were somewhat a form of dictatorship. For example, they destroyed the temple of Jerusalem and because of the violence and powerful military, the military was gaining power over the civilians. Most governors then were part of the military and sometimes generals themselves. The Chinese did good for their people and that of the Romans, they helped with the supply of food to the growing population of Rome. Overall I believe each empire thought they were doing good for their people even if in the eyes of others they were not.
- Laina Vitarelli
Laina I agree with how you said that the overall change during the classical period was that their governments became more well structured and organized. I also agree with how you said before it was unorganized because of all of the different religious beliefs because then they only worried about which religion would over power the other. Now with organized government systems, they are working in more justified ways.
DeleteI agree with your answer to the first question when you said that the difference was that it was loosely constructed as opposed to later on, it showed your understanding of the civilizations. Good job! :)
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteDuring the classical period there has mostly been changes in politics and government. For example, at the beginning of the classical period, government was loosely structured and dominated by large landowners and priests. Toward the end, governments were vast empires with extensive bureaucracies and a range of services. Also, things such as iron weapons and agriculture were growing, giving new powers to political leaders and starting wider trade patterns. Some things that stayed the same were that they used basic ideas already generated, such as the Chinese concept of the state society relationship as familial. The new states also maintained functions that had already been developed such as systems of justice and military activities.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Some new ideas that developed were expansion of government, which would increase officialdom that provided them with a wider tax collection. China developed an unusually large and explicit bureaucracy. The Athenian government thought of a democratic concept of rather than having a bureaucracy, people were chosen at random to hold office.
3)Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
These empires were good in a way that the government was more under controlled and better structured. Also because they became less biased based off of religion, and they tried to make things more fair and justified. In some ways it was bad because these people get less of a say in government in politics because of populations growths and everything expanding and increasing.
I agree Anastasia, during the classical period, government had been changed frequently and the growth of iron weapon making had contributed to make political leaders stronger in power. I also agree that the government in Athens had come up with the democratic concept in the new ideas of government, especially in expanding it with inspiration from other governments. I also agree that they(as in greeks and romans) tried to make government more 'fair' and 'justified' (mainly greeks in creating a democratic government) and yes, there are many perspectives on empire rule for each empire.
DeleteAnastasia, I agree with your answers and also I like how you gave examples of how the government was loosely structured and towards the end it gained better ways of trading and had a better bureaucracy. Great Job!!!
DeleteAnastasia, I agree with your answers and also I like how you gave examples of how the government was loosely structured and towards the end it gained better ways of trading and had a better bureaucracy. Great Job!!!
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDelete-What Changed during the classical period from the previous period was that the classical period had brought politics/government into it’s main focus,not really paying any attention to religion (as at first, government was loosely structured and then modified to be stronger). Also, they expanded/built ideas on different cultures, for example, Greeks took the phoenician alphabet and modeled it to make it more smooth and fitting. Yet,they also introduced new ideas that were different from the river valley civilizations.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
-A new idea about government that was created by empires was the idea of a jury trial, which was created by the mediterranean, and merit examinations for selecting bureaucrats had come from classical china.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
-In some ways, yes and no. Like in Greece and Rome, political interests were almost the same, but both held many experimentations with other types of governments such as monarchy,dictatorship,aristocratic councils, and democratic rule being discussed throughout these two empires. These experiments to make it beneficial for the people, as well as to have a strong and well-organized governments to keep people in place. Wide variety gave more options for discussion to choose a government best fit for the empire and the people (like for greece, in athens they included woman to vote, yet romans senators only included men and didn't let woman have rights). Yet, some may disagree due to perspectives of the people during the times ages, and strong governments may collapse or take over peoples rights if not kept in order, (and their was always sneaky people(romans) bribing government officials so you could never tell really if it was unfair or unjust). So, the empires that were created had each their own response/feelings from people living under their rules.
-Tina Maria Kouridakis
(p.s- i deleted it by accident when trying to reply to someone :( )
HI TINA. I agree fully with your answer to number two and wish I could've realized that before I wrote mine :( GOOD WORK!
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteNICOLE ALBINO
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
During this time period, changes have occurred like the belief system, structure and politics how war did not change. There was always conflicts when it came to religion beliefs and other things. Instead of worrying and focusing on religion and the religious beliefs of cultures, they focused more on the government." Governments at the beginning of the classical period were localized and loosely structured, dominated mainly by large landowners or priests. Governments near the periods end were vast empires, with extensive bureaucracies and the range of services."
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Some new ides about the government created by the empires that made it arise was the different forms of government, expanding for trade routes and political order. The growing significance made more people aware of the government as a factor in their lives
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
Yes the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were good for the people that lived under them because it gave them a chance to put their opinion in the government and have a say in how they lived, it helped improve the way of life. There was also a negative side of this because people have different opinions.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteDuring the classical period there were some changes that did occur. One example of a change would be how governments at the beginning of the classical period were localized and loosely structured dominated mainly by large landowners or priests. Another change that occurred was systems of justice actually expanded, with law codes now backed by larger groups of magistrates and by more elaborate theorizing about the gods of the law. A third change that I found was major innovations in belief systems and the organization of states though politics probably changed more.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
New ideas that the government made were the ideas on iron weapons and growing agricultural prosperity gave new powers to political leaders but also new tasks, in supporting wider trade patterns. They also decided to make a wider tax collection because of an increase in officialdom. They were eager to expand territorial and to strengthen the hold of the state.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
Yes they were good for the people that lived under them. The governments toward the end were very larg empires, and they not only had large empires but also had large bureaucracies and a range of services. There were two different kinds of people: the people that though this new way of thinking was a good change while the others despised the changes that happened. There were some terrible things that did start to happen because of the expansion of land. While they kept on growing this lead to more wars leading to down falls of some empires. Also new diseases and groups of people weakened the empires through attacking them causing the empire to crash.
I disagree, I don't feel like it was good for the people, Yes I can agree that it was a good government with the establishment of a bureaucracies, but with all the invasions and the spread of diseases that went on, I feel as if the people had too many conflicts to deal with which is why I don't agree with you. I do like your answers though :)
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations? The previous civilizations were based mostly on religion and now they are more focused on their politics. One thing that both new and old civilizations had in common was that both were focused on trade. However the new empires created a road for training which was much easier for people to trade and safer. Empires started to form, which less major religions were formed, instead the new empires started conquering and expanding. This was their main focus of the new empires.
ReplyDelete2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose? We see a creation of a jury system, the government starts off as a bureaucracy but later on in history they start forming ideas of democracy with Julius Caesar and or Augustus. We also see empires focusing more on invasion than ever before and religion was not as much focused on the government which could be seen as good or bad depending on what religion and how serious it was.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not? No, i don’t feel they were good for the people. Although it expanded and made trade routes for the people, their was too many of diseases and or conflicts or invasions that spread across the empires which caused the people to be under conflict. Although it wasn’t focused mostly on religion which could be seen as a good thing since peace was made from religion, the empires caused more conflicts with the people.
I agree with the response for question three. Although the Empires allowed structure and created order, there were diseases innocent civilians had to confront with no cure, like the mosquitoes in India. And the widespread of religious beliefs by each empire did create more conflict and hate rather than peace.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations? During the classical period, it is said that "civilizations experienced fundamental political change". The creation of systematic philosophy or religious influenced many civilizations and their approach had political implications which helped shaping and defending the types of government each society had developed. Governments at the beginning of the classical period were very loosely structured but as time passed by the government started to form empires, with extensive bureaucracies and a range of service. The thing that stayed the same are the elaboration of laws and theories about the goals of the law.
ReplyDelete2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
The government started to take a wider role in certain kinds of economic and cultural activities due to the larger populations. Also the idea of jury trial arose.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not? The empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese, and Indians did have some pros and cons but it seemed to be good for the people that live under them because without any government, there would be no organization within the civilization. So it was better for the people to have a ruler and laws for them to follow to live under a somewhat of an organized civilization.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe differentiation from the classical period from the previous period was the major introduce of the political state and the attempt to keep religion and politics separate. Though a pretty big failure, this was where the people decided to attempt to keep moving forward in their societal life without as big an influence as religion. One thing that stayed the same between the two periods was the structure and rule, and the actions of the people that lived under the rule. They still heavily abided by the laws set for them, but a lot of rebellion occurred because of the strict rule.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
New ideas in government were a much stronger military type figure. They also decided to focous on agriculture, and building trade routes for faster and safer trading.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
Yes, I do think they were good for the people that lived under them since empires did unite diverse groups of people, and brought them together and gave them the abilities to share beliefs and let those beliefs come together to shape the empires. Though the persecution of people who didn't agree with being apart of the empire was never a good thing, without the formation of all of these empires we today wouldn't have the major world religions we do and some of the beliefs that sprouted from that era.
I agree with you, they did influence trading alot. They created updated trade routes which made trade safer, faster and frequent as ever as before!
DeleteAfter reading the chapter from "Experiencing World History" about the classical age, answer the following questions:
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
The key factor that differentiates the classical period from the previous period was religion. As new empires arose they focused their ideals not towards religion but instead politics. An example of a political system such as today, Democracy. Creating a stronger, tighter and more expanded field of government
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Democratic ideas form, also they created a jury system. Claimed that Democracy was a better style of government.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The empires created by the Roman, Chinese, and Indian were not good for the people that lived under them because they either expanded too quickly, traded too much (causing disease to spread) or attempted to conquer too frequently. In a government like today, a democracy things are significantly more peaceful.
4) Respond to one other person's comment
I agree. The Democratic form of Government was a very innovative idea during that time period as it gathered a lot of support from the citizens given a chance to state their opinions. I also agree that due to empires like China and Rome expanding too fast and excessively, it caused a cultural division instead of a cultural diffusion.
Delete- Jordan
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe Classical Period was more focused on politics than religion. After the River Valley Civilizations, there was a division regarding religion and politics. However, other aspects of the civilization remained the same. An example of this are the writing systems. Ancient Greece modified the Phoenician alphabet to create a more successful version.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
The Ancient Greeks created Democracy which was a unique form of Government at that time. Democracy would also be adopted in many other successful empires like the Roman Empire. Democracy allowed the citizens to voice their opinions on who they wanted in power. In fact, this system of Government was so successful, it is primarily used in today's government in America.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
I believe that the civilizations created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were good for the people depending on if they supported the empires religion, world views or forms of government. An example is someone who practices Hinduism in India during the Gupta empire in contrast to someone who practices Buddhism. Life will be better for the person practicing Hinduism because it was more prominent in the empire where as the person who practices Buddhism in the Gupta empire will face persecution.
- Jordan
I do agree with you that the new age was far more politically based, rather than religiously based, and I do agree with you that the places listed in question three were more positive than negative for the people, however, it has come to my attention that you see yourself as being greater than me, and that's just not true.
DeleteSincerely,
The man who is greater than the greatest man who ever lived (Zachary Damasco)
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteSome of the biggest changes that occurred during the classical period was that the varieties of religion increased and also the emergence of political systems that weren't directly associated with religious beliefs. WE see the first adoption of the ideology that there is only one god (Christianity and Islam) , along with another idea that there is no god (Buddhism). Also there are political systems such as the Chinese political system where we find entrance exams being given to determine if people who are actually qualified will take a commanding position. We also see more vast bureaucratic systems put in place along with justice systems becoming more reasonable to all.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
We see many types of new political systems such as democracy created in Greece and also systems like a Republic in Rome. A democracy is where everyone has a say in choices and a Republic is when you elect officials to make the choices in the favor of the people. We also see across the board a larger want for higher intellectual people running governments rather than hereditary rulers.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
It all depends on what aspect of civilizations you are looking at. Rome was great for the people because they were the most protecting empire in the world, but they did put restrictions on how high some people such as slaves, servants and criminals could place themselves in societies. We see many similar things in the other two regions, with the caste system of India calling for the shunning of all untouchables, and the strict punishment and rule of the Chinese imposing much fear on the people. In the end though all of these nations atleast attempted to make their empires comfortable places for its inhabitants.
I agree most with your last answer on how Rome was the most protected empire in the world, and how China and India were similar in the sense that they were more harsher than Rome and had restrictions and strict punishment in china, and the caste system in India with the un-untouchables. I also liked how you didn't choose a side you stated it depended on what aspect of the civilization you were looking at to provide a more broader point of view of the topic. I just think you should have elaborated more on how the Chinese imposed fear on people and stated clearly on how India and China were similar.
Delete-Brenda Montero :)
After reading the chapter from "Experiencing World History" about the classical age, answer the following questions:
ReplyDelete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
Well for starters the main difference between the two periods were the religious aspects and then forms of power through empires and leaders vs. caste systems. The beginnings of agriculture and usage of land remained throughout the axial age as it provided food and attracted attention to later help their empires grow. The rivers were also put into use when it came around to trading for goods with nearby empires. The main reason of the transition from "River valley civilizations" into the "Classical period" were the new empires and religions that began to spread around India, China, and Egypt. With Buddhists, Christians, and Islamics overpowering the regions and those that neighbored it started controversy but also helped create the political leaders who approached the people with different ideas. Socrates, Buddha and Confucius all started different beliefs about philosophy that people began following and they soon became competitive.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
The new ideas of government that arose with the new empires consisted of monarchies, dictatorships, that started taking a role in politics and economics. The governments were basically set up by the people that were native to the designated religion of that region and from there they began to take part in the cultural aspects of the civilization. This would benefit the religion because through hegemony it'd gain more followers that'd result in that empire growing bigger and taking over more of the people and the land.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese, and Indians were beneficial to the public as well as forced and adverse. The people of some of the areas were allowed to follow their own local religions but would still eventually end up converting to one of the empires religions. Now some of the these people truly did believe in the habituated religions and it provided them with security in return of being deprived from freedom of religion.
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThere were many political changes that occurred during the classical period differing from the previous period. For example, according to the Chapter 7 Culture And Politics In the Classical Period in previous periods and during the classical age the Yellow River still created a very serious problem, flooding. It’s because of this China created public works. For instance, as stated this included “an elaborate system of canals.” Furthermore, in previous periods China was invaded constantly so, during the classical period another public work included the Great Wall of China to protect against nomads. Thus, the Empire had to administrate tax collection that could reinforce public works.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
The new ideas about government we see created by the empires that arose include: the administration of justice, public works, tax collection, and military recruitment.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The Empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese, and Indians were in the end not good for the people. As expressed at the end of page 126, throughout the classical civilizations the growth of new governments created new vulnerabilities. This is because “active states could deteriorate, leaving societies open to more general decline”, moreover rivalries among leaders and corrupt tax collection too hurt the people. Therefore, the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were not good for the people that lived under them.
I like your ideas about China's own improvements to it's infrastructure. The Great Wall protected them against nomads in the north for hundreds of years, even after they splintered up into rival kingdoms following the collapse of the Han.Dynasty in the 200s CE. You're absolutely correct about rivalries among leaders: Roman armies often battled each other for control of the empire/s, and numerous emperors were assassinated in short periods of time. The work of tyrants like Nero and Caligula also undermined the Empire, and pushed great plagues against some subjects and outlying minorities. The Indians excluded women from social lives, and the caste system kept people in their conditions permanently. While Empires helped maintain works and built strong fortifications for expansion, their cultural aspects were not so good in the form of humanitarian concerns or rights for all.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDelete-What did change during the classical period from the previous period was mostly based on religion since it states " It was no accident that the fundamental thinkers in each society- Socrates in Greece, Buddha in India, Confucius in China, all operating in the 5th century b.c.e, at a formative stage- created systematic philosophical or religious approaches that would long continue to influence each civilization and its heirs." While new empires rose and became much larger, their main focus wasn't only on religion but mostly on politics. They tried to make a stronger sort of government which was more important in them instead of religion. There was a division between politics and religion although most of the empires culture stayed the same or built on previous cultures. An example of this would be of how the Ancient Greece modified the Phoenician alphabet to create a better model.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
-The new ideas about the government that we see created by the empires that arose would be the fundamental political change. The government started to take a bigger role in agriculture and the economy since it was further more expanding. Along with that they focused on building trade routes to make it easier and safer to trade along city-states. For them,they were to spread in their territory and to gain strength in their state.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
-The empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians were more or less fair or unfair for the people that lived there. For the Romans, it was the strongest empire, so it benefited them in many different ways, but there was unfairness between slaves, and servants between public officials and the common people. As for the Chinese and Indians, they were more similar as for it being a bit unfair because of India's caste system and having the untouchables completely excluded from the rest of society and the Chinese being very strict and imposing Buddhism on the people who lived in their empire, if they wanted to become a state official. As for these three empires it was beneficial in the sense that it was diverse and you could if you truly believed in your own religion to follow it, but in the end you were more or less convinced to follow the religion of your empire, if not you were more likely to be excluded from the society.
-Brenda Montero
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe major differences of the two periods is that the empire was loosely structured and the classical period was more focused on politics.Another change that occurred was the state structure and belief systems
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose? New forms of government were created like in Ancient Greek. Democracy was made and this allowed people to be part of the gov. regardless of their social class.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
For some people this was good and in other cases it wasn't. Its always good to have a government that people follow to organize the place and have a set of rules. Also sometimes it wasn't the best since some didn't agree with these ideas but were not allowed their opinion. For example in Rome , the people were protected and had restrictions on how high slaves and servants were in the society. In Rome they didn't care about your opinion unless you were wealthy.
In question 3, I like how you explained and gave an example of how in Rome, the people were protected and had restrictions on how high slaves and servants were in the society. But maybe you could of talked about China and India also.
Delete1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteThe changes that happened during the classical period from the previous period is mainly politics. During this time they started to focus less on religion and more on politics. Back in the previous periods they would be focused on religion like who believed in what and which is "better" for them. However in the classical period, they focused more on how their government worked and being a community. By focusing more on the success of their community one thing that changed the most was having a alphabet, some civilizations (Greeks) had their own alphabet which made them more advanced since they had a way to write and communicate.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
A few new ideas about government is they changed their focus. They started to focus more on their "interactions" with other civilizations. Such as military, trading, and their economy. As they start conquering and growing, they needed to have some type of defense in case people invade them back. One of the most common way civilizations got successful was by trading. So governments had to find a way to trade, by making trading routes. By trading this improved their government.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The empires that the Romans, Chinese and Indians created were good for living if they had a common interest. If these people that lived there believed in the same religion then it would be a good place to live. For example, if you're an Indian that believed in Hinduism and lived in China, where people believed in Buddhism it would be a bad place to live because even though their beliefs were similar it was still different. Therefore it is only a good place for people to live in if they share things in common with people around them.
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations? Early civilizations like the Mesopotamian City States and the Shang Dynasty of China focused more on full royal power and the workings of mystics, oracles, and the simple relationship between humans and archaic, chaotic Gods of weather and control. With the classical period's herald, the importance of the human being as an individual and not a member of a collective tribe or group farming for survival came to prominence. Many of these ideas however, budded before the classical period began, and it mostly extended concepts from hundreds of years prior.
ReplyDelete2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose? We see basic ideas of civil rights and courts to defend the innocent and prove those who are guilty as guilty. Democratic ideals begin to grow in Athens, even though they do not grow very far initially. Government takes interest in conquest and expansion, to grow economically and gain military might in their respective regions. Religion detached itself as the single view of living as in earlier ages, and instead became an agent for governments to assert their authority, or quell people's beliefs into one standard system, for the sake of unity.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not? They had positive effects for those who lived 'inside' of the empire and were of nobility, however the segregation of outside conquered peoples as slaves, and the exclusion of rights for women, such as in the Indian empire, made life as difficult, if not more difficult, than in previous periods. Romans lived lavishly, if they were in the upper class - slaves were plentiful and were executed often in grisly ways for the entertainment of the nobility. The Qin dynasty of China ushered in a few decades of terror, with the killing of scholars and order of suppression across the empire that the centralized government enacted, controlled by Shi Huangdi, a power hungry tyrant who built massive projects that would sustain his empire (and futures), at a cost of much human life to construct them.
1) What changed during the classical period from the previous period? What stayed the same/continued from the days of the first River Valley Civilizations?
ReplyDeleteDuring the classical period, the belief system, the organization of the government, and politics changed. They realized that religion is going to always be a controversial issue. Therefore, this created a more organized and developed government.
2) What new ideas about government do we see created by the empires that arose?
Democracy in Ancient Greece and Rome was a new form of government that was created by the empires that arose. Democracy is a form of government that let everyone have a voice in the government. Therefore, your gender, race, social class did not matter. Everyone had a say.
3) Were the empires that were created by the Romans, Chinese and Indians good for the people that lived under them? Why or why not?
The empires that were created by Romans, Chinese and Indians were not all good nor bad. I think the Romans and Chinese were good because they were a democracy and they were able to have a say in their societies. However, since India has a caste system, they did not have a say in their government so I think the empire that was created was not good for the people that lived under them.